Genetically modified yeast that can ferment 5-chained carbon sugars into Ethanol from Biomass
From the Goethe University of Frankfurt, Professor Eckhard Boles and his team have modified, genetically, the Saccharomyces cerevisiaeyeast to be able to produce a newly formed enzyme that can make fermentation of xylose (a 5 chained sugar) as well as the 6-carbon sugar (like glucose). The research and evaluation are included on their journal Applied Environmental Microbiology.
When treated, cellulosic biomass can actually produce a mixture of pentose (5 chained carbon) and hexose (6 chained carbon) sugars, as well as glucose, galactose, D-xylose, mannose and L-arabinose. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is typical industrial yeast that offers high production, fast sugar consumption and ethanol tolerance. The only problem is, it cannot ferment pentose sugars.
The lack of helpful microorganisms that can convert the hexoses and pentoses effectively to ethanol is a major hindrance to the cost-efficient production of cellulosic ethanol through the process of fermentation.